My internship with Cornell Cooperative Extension Orange County’s (CCEOC) Gleaning Program came to a close at the end of December. In the five months I spent working for the Glean Team, I learned A LOT about the wide variety of fruits and vegetables that grow here in the Hudson Valley. I also learned about basic farm operations, the popularity of some vegetables with eaters in the region, and how to operate a finicky 18-foot, 13-year-old diesel refrigerated box truck in all kinds of weather.
In my last blog post, I explained how the Gleaning Program at CCEOC serves the dual purpose of reducing edible produce waste on farms by funneling the recovered produce into the emergency food system, thereby improving quality of local healthy food found in Emergency Food Resource Provider (EFRP) locations like food pantries and soup kitchens. (You can also read about my team’s work in this recent article by the Times Herald Record!)
My day-to-day tasks were loaded with logistics and literal heavy lifting, but oddly enough, I regularly found myself thinking back to economic theories about population, development, poverty, and food supply examined during my academic coursework at CEP. Theories presented by Thomas Malthus and Amartya Sen loomed over my daily work as I questioned why an emergency food network is so necessary and so vast here in the Hudson Valley, where there are over 400,000 acres of farmland!
With so Much Food Production, How Does Anyone Go Hungry?
The answer, obviously, is politics. And some economics, too.
According to Amartya Sen, food insecurity is not caused by food scarcity; it is driven by entitlements, or rather, each person’s ability to command a particular resource. In other words, those regularly utilizing the emergency food supply do not have consistent access to nutritious, affordable, or culturally appropriate foods. Why? Well, on the individual scale, deficient access to food is usually caused by:
- Lack of financial resources
- Lack of transportation to obtain food
- Lack of nearby locations where groceries may be purchased
Improving Emergency Food, Dismantling the Food System
However, food insecurity for individuals is indicative of larger problems within our food system and our political and economic systems. The necessity of emergency food systems is forced by widespread economic inequity born of multiple, sometimes purposeful factors, coupled with ongoing U.S. agricultural policy that does not adequately price food (and is crafted by lobbies on all sides of the political spectrum: SNAP benefit advocates, agro-fertilizer companies, biofuel proponents like Exxon, environment and land conservation groups, the American Farm Bureau…you get the picture).
The emergency food system’s existence is crucial and assists in alleviating short-term hunger meal-by-meal, but it also allows for the continuation a larger food system that doesn’t aptly serve producers or eaters, financially or nutritiously. Policies that improve the quality and availability of emergency food are necessary, but they are an insufficient fix when they create the illusion that a two-tiered system of food access is a goal to strive towards.
Lo and Behold…
Although my work at Cornell Cooperative Extension was based in improving the nutritional content of donated food to local emergency food providers week to week, it unexpectedly opened my eyes and broadened my interests into the world of food insecurity, emergency food, and agriculture. Through this experience, I’ve done my best to utilize systems thinking skills developed during my academic year at CEP to see past simple solution sets and instead dig in to context. I began to read and inquire about the life cycle of our food and the economic policies in place that dictate where it comes from, how it moves, and where it ends up. This internship has informed my graduate thesis work and sparked an interest in working professionally in food and agriculture policy, food insecurity, and economic inequity once I complete my degree at Bard. I am thankful to Cornell Cooperative Extension for providing me with this experience and to Bard CEP for wide-ranging, thought-provoking academic study.
I loved reading your blog because I just started understanding the bigger picture on U.S. agricultural economics. In Gautam’s class we started reading literature on the U.S. Farm Bill’s implications and its history. To my understanding the politics on agriculture are very paradoxical because in one hand we rather not have overproduction and on the other we incentives overproduction. I like that you highlight the self-contradicting politics of food also.
To be honest, it looks like you landed one of the most fun internships. Working outside and being able to see the results of your work, that is ideal. Congratulations, and I hope you get to use your experience in the field as a reference for future policy-making.
Agim,
Thanks for your comment! It’s true, we both incentivize and discourage overproduction, and the effects are felt throughout the food system.
(Also, I definitely agree that my internship was probably the most fun.)
Your internship was literally the topic of my class today with Gautam. We’re just beginning to explore the topic and I’m already confused as to why any of us pay for food when so much taxpayer dollars are spent in current U.S. agricultural policies. And, as we learned Gautam’s and reiterated in the link you shared, so much of these subsidies benefit industries that aren’t the struggling family farm we imagine. If your thesis is anything similar to this blog post, I’m sure it will be a very interesting read.
I’m also amazed at the non-academic skills you’ve seemed to picked up at your internship. You’re rocking that 18-foot truck in that picture.
I’m so glad CEP spends time on this topic. I had never looked at US Ag policy as a system until it was part of Jen and Gautam’s curriculum. My thesis actually explores the expansion of gleaning and donation programs themselves, but I plan to touch on the policies in place that create the necessity for food recovery in the first place.
Thanks for the compliment- it was oddly satisfying to learn how to drive such a massive vehicle!